PSYB57H3 Chapter 10: Chapter 10. Thinking, Problem Solving, and Reasoning
Document Summary
Problem solving: the cognitive processes used in transforming starting information into a goal state, using specified means of solution. Thinking: a cognitive process used to transform or manipulate information that may be either focused (that is, solving problems with clear goals) or unfocused (that is, invoking loosely related ideas without clear purpose). Focused thinking begins with a clear starting point and has a specific goal. Unfocused thinking has the character of daydreaming, or unintentionally calling to mind a number of different and loosely related ideas. Reasoning encompasses the cognitive processes we use wen we draw inferences from information given to us. Solving a specific kinds of puzzle or mysteries. Introspection: a methodological technique in which trained observers are asked to reflect on, and report on, their conscious experience while performing cognitive tasks. Provide basis for hypotheses and tests using more objective measures. Well-defined problems: a problem whose goals, starting information, and legal steps are stated explicitly.
