PSYC62H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Intravenous Therapy, Active Metabolite, Hypodermic Needle
Document Summary
Intravenous injection involves drug delivery into a vein through a hypodermic needle. >this is used for emergency medicine, if doctors need a rapid drug effect. >because of this issue, drugs have been developed for sublingual administration: a pill that dissolves on or under the tongue: or intranasally by using a nasal spray. Distribution: the passage of a drug from the bloodstream to sites in the body. >astrocytes form the blood brain barrier by forcing endothelial cells making up capillary and vessel walls to fit tightly together. >these tight junction prevent pathogens, hormones, and other substances from entering the brain. Biotransformation or drug metabolism: this is the process of converting a drug into one or more other products called metabolites. Metabolites have pharmacological properties which we refer to active metabolites: phase 2 biotransformation: occurs from catabolism by enzymes through the process of conjugation and normally occurs for metabolites produced in phase 1.
