PSYB45H3 Chapter 17: TextbookChapt17#.docx
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Punishment is a basic behavioral principle occurs when a behavior is followed by a consequence that results in a decrease in the future probability of the behavior. Consequence of a behavior may involve the presentation of an aversive stimulus (positive stimulus) or the removal of a reinforcing stimulus (negative punishment) Punishment procedures are typically used only after functional intervention extinction, differential reinforcement and antecedent manipulations. If functional procedures are ineffective, punishment procedures may be considered (but controversial) An aversive stimulus is any stimulus whose contingent presentation decreases the future probability of a behavior. Two common negative punishment procedures time-out and response cost. The procedure in which a student was removed from the reinforcing activity in the classroom for a few minutes contingent on an instance of the problem behavior a. k. a. A form of time out is contingent observation . Decrease the occurrence of different problem behaviors. Child removed from the reinforcing situation for a brief period.
