PSYB45H3 Chapter 17: Chapter 17
29 Apr 2011
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Chapter 17 using punishment: time out and response cost. Punishment occurs when a behaviour is followed by a consequence that results in a decrease in the future probability of the behaviour. The consequence may involve the presentation of a stimulus event (positive punishment) or the removal of a stimulus event (negative punishment) Time out: defined as the loss of access to positive reinforcers for a brief period contingent on the problem behaviour. Non exclusionary time out: remains in the room, but removed from the reinforcing activity. Exclusionary time out: taken out of the room; no reinforcers available. Time out is appropriate for behaviours that are maintained by positive reinforcement involving social or tangible reinforcers. Not for use when maintained by negative reinforcement or sensory stimulation. Contingent observation: contingent on the occurrence of the problem behaviour, the child had to sit and watch the other children play appropriately.
