PSYB64H3 Chapter 5: Chapter 5
Document Summary
Genome - set of instructions for constructing a human being. Each 100 trillion cells in your body, with the exception of red, sperm and egg cells contain two complete copies of genomes. Your personal set = genotype which interaqcts with environmental influences to produce phenotype (your observable characteristics) Genotype consists of 23 matched pairs of chromosome. Chromosomes are made up of molecules of dna smaller segments of dna form genes, each gene contains instructions for making a particular protein. Gene expression occurs when these genetic instructions are converted into afeature of a living cell. Vast majority of dna is found in the chromosomes, some dna is located in mitochondria, all mdna originates from mother, and mutates at a fairly regular rate thus mdna is especially useful to scientists interested in evolution. Different phenotypical traits result from the interactions between alternative versions of a particular gene, known as alleles , within each chromosome can only have at max 2 alleles.
