BIO120H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: C-Reactive Protein, Factor H, Conformational Change

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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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Extracellular infections-pathogens live and replicate in spaces btw human cells: accessible to soluble molecules of immune system. Vast majority of human infections come from transmission of pathogen either direct or indirect from another person already infected. Anthrax is spread by spores that are resistant to heat and dessication so they can go long distances. Hiv is sensitive to enviro changes, passed btw ppl by intimidate contact. As soon as pathogen penetrates epithelial barrier and starts to live in human tissue, innate immunity starts: liver makes complement which coats the surface of bacteria and extracellular virus particles and makes it easier to phagocytosize. Many complement components are proteolytic enzymes, proteases that circulate in inactive forms=zymogens. Infection triggers complement activation: each protease cleaves and activiates the next enzyme in path, each protease is highly specific for complement component it cleaves and cleaves at signle site, usually serine protease, involves digestive enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin.

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