| The type of plants they may have been consuming -------------- What is the difference between genetically-modified and transgenic crops? | Transgenic crops are a type of genetically-modified crops, in which scientists have inserted genes from another species. | | Transgenic crops are illegal, while genetically-modified crops are not. | | Genetically-modified crops are produced using modern techniques, while transgenic crops are produced through classical breeding. | | Genetically-modified crops are a type of transgenic crop specifically bred for high yield. --------------- Vavilov hypothesized that in a crop plant's area of origin we should expect: | Lower genetic diversity than in areas outside of the plant's area of origin. | | Greater genetic diversity than in areas outside of the plant's area of origin. | | Greater diversity for trans-domesticated species, but lower diversity for species domesticated in their area of origin. | | Greater herbivore damage because of increased genetic diversity. | | Lower diversity for trans-domesticated species, but greater diversity for species domesticated in their area of origin. ----------- In what way did HarlanĆ¢ĀĀs theory give rise to DiamondĆ¢ĀĀs theory? | It recognized that agricultural societies were healthier and better fed than hunter-gatherer societies. | | It recognized agriculture might have developed by different mechanisms in different parts of the world. | | It is a basic case of scientific plagiarism - Diamonds theory is identical to Harlans theory. | | It recognized the reason agriculture did not develop in certain parts of the world was because people lacked the intelligence or skill. | | Both make the assumption that hunter-gatherers were (and still are) superior to agriculturists. ----------- What is the difference between classically bred varieties and landraces? | Landraces are grown in dry conditions; classically bred crops are wetland species | | Landraces cannot be harvested using domesticated animals; classically bred crops can be harvested using domesticated animals. | | Landraces are often (though not always) developed by unintentional processes; classically bred crops are developed by intentionally breeding for desired traits using modern techniques | | Landraces are not edible by humans; classical bred crops can be eaten | | Landraces have no means of seed dispersal; classically bred crops can readily disperse their seeds ---------------- The inability of plants to move makes it difficult for them to: | Disperse seeds, defend themselves, and create oxygen. | | Disperse seeds and defend themselves. ------------ Norman Borlaug won the 1970 Nobel Peace Prize for: | Producing the first transgenic plant. | | His discovery that plant secondary metabolites play a role in defending plants from insects and diseases. | | His work to create improved, high yield crop varieties that helped to prevent starvation. | | Creating the FlavrSavr tomato. | | His discovery of the area of origin for maize. ---------------- If a plant can grow well all by itself in the wild, yet still retains desirable agronomic traits, the plant is ____________________. --------------- In discussing the origin of agriculture, the term demographic stress refers to: | A higher incidence of religious practice in societies following the transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture. | | Lower productivity of un-cultivated plants due to late-Pleistocene cooling. | | Hobbes's assertion that hunter-gatherer groups did not posses the knowledge or skills to develop agriculture. | | The situation where human populations are greater than the carrying capacity of the environment. | | That the stresses on pre-domesticated plant species led to the development of traits that result in the "domestication syndromeĆ¢ĀĀ ------------------ The repeated domestication of grasses (i.e., cereals) and legumes across the globe is likely because: | Human populations were often starving, and needed an additional food source | | Only grasses, not legumes, were repeatedly domesticated | | Both contain almost all of the amino acids our bodies need to build proteins. | | Early technologies allowed early agriculturalists the ability to communicate with each other over long distances to discuss what plants were best for domestication. | | Both already possessed all of the traits needed for domestication ----------------------- Which of the following best demonstrates evolution? | A houseplant is moved to a sunnier location and it starts to grow more vigorously. | | Your pet walks to the door when it hears your car in the driveway. | | A giraffe with a longer neck survives a drought year, while one with a shorter neck does not. | | Over time, a gene for disease resistance becomes more frequent in a population of plants. | | A crop has a higher yield after fertilizer is added. -------------------------- Which of the following types of agriculture can be practiced in an urban setting? | Alternative farms (crickets, caterpillars, other arthropods) | | All of these types of agriculture can be practiced in an urban setting | | CSA farms ---------------------------- ______________________ compounds are produced by plants, but are not necessary for the plant's immediate survival. However, they often help protect plants from being eaten. ----------------------------- Brussel sprouts, cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower are all different varieties of the same species, Brassica oleracea. This group of plants demonstrates that crop breeding can lead to: | High within variety and low between variety diversity | | Low within variety and high between variety diversity | | Low within variety diversity | | High between variety diversity | | High within variety and high between variety diversity | | | | | | | | | | | |
