BIO130H1 Chapter : Pg 713-716.docx
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BIO130H1 Full Course Notes
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The transport of proteins into mitochondria and chloroplasts. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are double membrane organelles. Both contain own dna, ribosomes and chloroplasts. Mitochondrion has two sub compartments: matrix and intermembrane space. The compartments come together to form inner membrane. The inner membrane is enclosed by cristae and an outer membrane which surrounds the cytosol. Chloroplasts have the same two sub compartments; but it has thylakoid space and thylakoid space. Translocation into mitochondria depends on signal sequences and protein. Proteins imported in the mitochondria taken up by the cytosol and release of ribosomes occurs within a few mins. The proteins contain signal have signals that direct the protein to the correct mitochondrial compartment. The proteins all form an alpha helix. Protein translocators: mediate protein translocation across the mitochondrial membrane. Tom complexes: transfer proteins from outer membrane. Tim complexes: transfer proteins from inner membrane. Complexes contain some compartments are receptors and others as channels.