CHM136H1 Chapter 4: Lecture and Chapter 4 Notes
20 Sep 2013
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CHM136H1 Full Course Notes
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Chapter 4: organic compounds: cycloalkanes and their stereochemistry. Most organic compounds contain rings of carbon atoms. Find the parent # of carbons in the ring. Cycloalkanes are less flexible than open-chain alkanes. Because of their cyclic structure, cyclic structure, cycloalkanes have 2 faces as viewed edge-on top face, Bottom face: therefore, isomerism is possible in substituted cycloalkanes, there are two different 1,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane isomers. Stereoisomerism compounds which have their atoms connected in the same order but differ in 3dorientation. Constitutional isomers different connections between atoms. Stereoisomers same connections but different 3d geometry. Rings larger than 3 atoms are not flat. Cyclic molecules can assume non-planar conformations to minimize angle stain and torsional strain by ring- puckering. Larger rings have many more possible conformations than smaller rings and are more difficult to analyze. Baeyer (1885): since carbon prefers to have bond angles of approximately 109 , ring sizes other than five and six may be too strained to exist.
