CHM135H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 16: Chemical Equation, Weak Base, Conjugate Acid

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CHM135H1 Full Course Notes

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Chm135 chapter 16 study notes (aq) (aq) + oh- Example: hcl(aq) + naoh(aq) h2o(l) + nacl(aq) Hcl, naoh, nacl completely dissociated, net ionic equation h3o+ If we mix equal numbers of moles of hcl and naoh, concentrations of h3o+ and oh- remaining in nacl after neutralization same as pure water, [h3o+] = [oh-] = 1. 0 x 10-7m. Equilibrium constant (kn): kn = 1/kw (kn = 1. 0 x 1014) Value for strong acid-strong base reaction very large, proceeds 100% to completion. After neutralization of equal molar amounts acid and base, solution contains salt derived. Because neither cation nor anion of salt has acidic or basic properties, ph is 7. Because weak acid largely undissociated, net ionic equation for reaction of weak acid with strong base involves proton transfer from ha to strong base: Ha(aq) + oh- (aq) h2o(l) + a- (aq) (aq) (aq) + b(aq) h2o(l) + bh+

Related Questions

1. (10)What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively largeproportions in a solution of a weak acid HCN (aq)?

H+
CN-
HCN
HC+
N+
CN
CN-
N3-

2. What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively largeproportions in a solution of a strong base KOH (aq)?

KOH
K2+
OH-
OH2-
KO+
OH+
K
OH
K+
None of these choices is correct

3. What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively largeproportions in a solution of a strong acid H2SO4 (aq)? (NOTE:Remember that only the first ionization is strong.)

HSO4-
H2SO4
SO42-
HS-
O42-
O22-
H2S2-
H+
S
O4

4. What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively largeproportions in a solution of a soluble ionic compound K2CO3(aq)?

K2CO3
K2+
K22+
K+
O32-
CO3-
C
CO32-
K2
CO3

5. Which of the following equations represents the proper net ionicequation for the precipitation of an insoluble phosphate compoundfrom K3PO4 (aq) and Al(NO3)3(aq)?

K3PO4 (aq) + Al(NO3)3(aq) ----> 3 KNO3 (aq) + AlPO4 (s)
K3PO4 (aq) + 3 NO3- (aq) ----> 3 KNO3 (s) + PO43- (aq)
NO3- (aq) + K+ (aq) ----> KNO3 (s)
PO43- (aq) + Al(NO3)3(aq) ----> AlPO4 (s) + 3 NO3 (aq)
2 PO43- (aq) + 3 Al2+ (aq) ----> Al3(PO4)2 (s)
Al3+ (aq) + PO43- (aq) ----> AlPO4 (s)
K3+ (aq) + (NO3)3- (aq) ----> K3(NO3)3(s)
K3PO4 (aq) + Al(NO3)3(aq) ----> K3(NO3)3 (aq) + AlPO4 (s)
Al+ (aq) + PO4- (aq) ----> AlPO4 (s)

6. Which of the following equations represents the proper net ionicequation for the complete neutralization reaction between the weakacid H2S (aq) and the strong base KOH (aq) ?

H2S (aq) + 2 KOH (aq) ----> 2 H2O (l) + K2S (aq)
S2- (aq) + 2 K+ (aq) ----> K2S (aq)
H2+ (aq) + 2 OH- (aq) ----> 2 H2O (l)
H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) ----> H2O (l)
H+ (aq) + KOH (aq) ----> H2O (l) + K+ (aq)
H2S (aq) + 2 OH- (aq) ----> 2 H2O (l) + S2- (aq)
H+ (aq) + K+ (aq) ----> HK (aq)
S2- (aq) + OH- (aq) ----> SOH (aq)

7. What are the spectator ions in the solution after completelyprecipitating an insoluble sulfide compound when mixing Ag2SO4 (aq)and K2S (aq)?

Ag+ , SO42- , K+ , and S2-
S2- and Ag+
SO42- and S2-
S2- and K+
K+ and Ag+
SO42- and Ag+
Ag+
K+ and SO42-

8. What are the spectator ions in the solution after the completeneutralization reaction occurs when mixing the weak acid H2S (aq)and the strong base KOH (aq)?

H+ , S2- , K+ , and OH-
OH- and K+
H+ and OH-
OH- and S2-
K+ and S2-
K+ and H+
S2- and H+
K+
S2-
SO42-
K+

1. (10)What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively large proportions in a solution of a weak acid, HF (aq)? Select all appropriate answers. H+ HF F- HF+ F+ F2+ H2- F2- H F 2. (10)What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively large proportions in a solution of a strong base NaOH (aq)? Select all appropriate answers. NaOH Na2+ OH2- OH- NaO+ OH+ Na Na+ OH 3. (10)What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively large proportions in a solution of a strong acid HClO3 (aq)? Select all appropriate answers. HClO3 ClO3- HCl+ Cl+ H+ ClO3+ O3- O32- HCl None of these is present in relatively large proportions 4. (10)What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively large proportions in a solution of the soluble ionic compound NiCl2 (aq)? Select all appropriate answers. Ni2+ NiCl2 Cl22- Cl2- Ni+ Cl2- Ni Cl Cl2 Cl- 5. (5)Which of the following equations represents the proper net ionic equation for the precipitation of an insoluble sulfide compound from ZnBr2(aq) and Na2S(aq). Na2S(aq) + ZnBr2(aq) ----> 2 NaBr(aq) + ZnS(s) Zn2+(aq) + S2-(aq) ----> ZnS(s) Na2S(aq) + 2 Br-(aq) ----> 2 NaBr(s) + S2-(aq) Br-(aq) + Na+(aq) ----> NaBr(s) S2-(aq) + ZnBr2(aq) ----> ZnS(s) + 2 Br-(aq) 3 S2-(aq) + 2 Zn3+(aq) ----> Zn2S3(s) Na2+(aq) + Br2-(aq) ----> Na2Br2(s) Na2S(aq) + ZnBr2(aq) ----> Na2Br2(aq) + ZnS(s) Zn+(aq) + S-(aq) ----> ZnS(s) 6. (5)Which of the following equations represents the proper net ionic equation for the complete neutralization reaction between the strong acid HI(aq) and the weak base NH3(aq)? H+ (aq) + NH3(aq) ----> NH4+ (aq) HI (aq) + OH- (aq) ----> H2O (l) + I- (aq) HI (aq) + NH3(aq) ----> NH4I (aq) I- (aq) + NH4+ (aq) ----> NH4I (aq) H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) ----> H2O (l) HI (aq) + OH- (aq) ----> H2IO (aq) H+ (aq) + NH4+ (aq) ----> NH5+ (aq) I- (aq) + OH- (aq) ----> HIO (aq) mark 7. (5)What are the spectator ions in the solution after completely precipitating an insoluble carbonate compound when mixing Ca(ClO3)2 (aq) and Na2CO3 (aq)? Ca2+ , ClO3- , Na+ , and CO32- Na+ and CO32- CO32- and ClO3- CO32- and Ca2+ Ca2+ and ClO3- Ca2+ and Na+ Na+ ClO3- ClO3- and Na+ Ca2+ 8. (5)What are the spectator ions in the solution after the complete neutralization reaction occurs when mixing the weak acid H2S (aq) and the strong base KOH (aq)? H+ , S2- , K+ , and OH- OH- and K+ H+ and OH- OH- and S2- K+ and S2- K+ and H+ S2- and H+ K+ S2-