PHL101Y1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Doom Ii: Hell On Earth, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Personal Identity

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27 Jun 2018
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Of Identity and Diversity
Author: John Locke from An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
1. Wherein identity consists.
1.a. When we see anything in a place at a time, that is that very thing and not
another which at the same time exists
1.b. Two things of same kind cannot exist in the same place/time
1.c. One thing cannot have two beginnings nor two things one beginning
1.d. Therefore, things that have the same beginning are the same thing
2. Identity of substances
1.a. Three sorts of substances (God, Finite intelligences, bodies)
1.b. Bodies: every particle of matter
1.c. Their relation to their beginning place and time will determine their identity, as
long as it exists
1.d. All other things but modes and relations terminated in substances
2. Principle of Individuation
1.a. Any being at a time and place cannot communicate with beings off the same
kind
1.b. These two beings still exist united together
1.c. Ex. If two atoms consist of a body that exists, and you remove one atom it is no
longer the same body
1.d. There is a different for living creatures (ex. Oak and horse)
1.e. Identity is not applied in the same way to mass of matter and a living body
2. Identity of Vegetables
1.a. It continues to be the same plant as long as it partakes in the same life, even if is
with all new particles
2. Identity of Animals (brute)
1.a. An animal is like a watch in that it is an organization of parts to a certain end,
which when a force is added it is capable to attain
1.b. In the animal, the organization and motion wherein life consists begin together
2. Identity of Man
1.a. Soul theory doesn’t work since if the same souls can be associated with
different bodies, it would be possible that men living in distant ages and of different
tempers may have been the same man
2. Identity suited to the idea
1.a. It is one thing to be the same substance, another to be the same man and
another to be the same person
1.b. The word identity is not clear - but we are concerned about being the same
person
2. Same Man
1.a. It is not the idea of thinking alone that makes the idea of man, but of a body and
spirit
2. Personal Identity
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Document Summary

Author: john locke from an essay concerning human understanding. When we see anything in a place at a time, that is that very thing and not. 1. a. another which at the same time exists. Two things of same kind cannot exist in the same place/time. One thing cannot have two beginnings nor two things one beginning. Therefore, things that have the same beginning are the same thing. Three sorts of substances (god, finite intelligences, bodies) Their relation to their beginning place and time will determine their identity, as. All other things but modes and relations terminated in substances. Any being at a time and place cannot communicate with beings off the same. If two atoms consist of a body that exists, and you remove one atom it is no. There is a different for living creatures (ex. Identity is not applied in the same way to mass of matter and a living body.

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