POL101Y1 Chapter Notes -Authoritarianism, Parliamentary System
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However there are a number of caveats to this argument. The structure of the state (federal or unitary), the political culture, the degree of ethnic divisions and the historical context are variable factors that can affect institutional design. Both have a democratically elected mandate and consequently disagreement can lead to stalemate. The fixed term in presidential systems creates problems. 1990, p. 90) another element of this issue is that during atime of crisis a president cannot be removed. Prime ministers can be held accountable (even during their term)by the party that they lead. The party can remove them from office if they aredeemed inadequate. Presidents that deserve to be removed can"t be, as theparty has no power to hold the president fully accountable. Furthermore blame shifting onto the legislature (congress) is a common problem. A further point of contention is the winner takes it all idea that presidentialism inevitably represents. A president that wins the election controls the executive.