PSY100H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3.2: Neuromuscular Junction, Neuroglia, Multiple Sclerosis
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PSY100H1 Full Course Notes
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3. 1 how the nervous system works: cells and neurotransmitters. Neurons: major cell type of the nervous system, sends & receives messages throughout the body. Sensory neurons: receive information from body brain. Motor neurons: originate from brain tells the body what to do. Glial cells: specialized cells that mount immune responses in the brain, removes waste, synchronizes neuronal activity: 10 glial cells : 1 neuron. Resting potential: relatively stable state when the cell is not transmitting messages (- 70mv: outside: na & k, inside: cl. Electrostatic gradient: inside & outside the cell have different charges. Concentration gradient: different types of ions are denser on one side of the cell: natural for na to rush into the cell when ion channels open. Strength of sensations: rate nerve cells fire & number of cells stimulated. Glutamate & gaba 2 most common neurotransmitters. Glutamate: most common excitatory neurotransmitter in vertebrate brains: involved w/ new memory formation, abnormal functioning- seizures in epilepsy, strokes.
