PSY100H1 Chapter Notes -Motivation, Social Comparison Theory, Humanistic Psychology

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carminewolf648

8 Dec 2011

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Maslow: need hierarchy - survival needs at the bottom and personal growth at the top of ultimate priority. Must satisfy all needs from bottom up. (physiological, safety, belonging and love, esteem, self-actualization) Maslow"s theory is an example of humanistic psychology, where people are striving towards personal fulfillment. Humanists think humans are unique because try to improve themselves. Self-actualization - when someone achieves their personal dreams and aspirations. When a man can be, he must be . Not much empirical evidence for this hierarchy however. Drives - psychological states activated to satisfy needs. Arousal - created by needs, motivates behavior that satisfies need. Basic drives help animals maintain equilibrium (homeostasis) Deprived of need drive state increases creates arousal. Overtime if a behavior consistently reduces drive it becomes a habit (reinforces) Incentives - external objects (not internal drives) that motivate behaviours. Yerkes-dodson law: performance increases with arousal up to a certain optimal point, then decreases.

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13. According to Freud, what motivates much of human behavior is of that A) the expected outcome of the behavior combined with the subjective value outcome B) the subjective interpretation of physiological arousal C) the battle between unconscious impulses struggling for release and psychological defenses used to keep them under control D) the consequences of a given behavior E) an intrinsic striving for self-actualization

13. According to Freud, what motivates much of human behavior is A) the expected outcome of the behavior combined with the subjective value of that outcome B) the subjective interpretation of physiological arousal C) the battle between unconscious impulses struggling for release and psychological defenses used to keep them under control D) the consequences of a given behavior E) an intrinsic striving for self-actualization

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6. You overhear two psychologists talking about a patient. Dr. A insists that the patient's problem is the result of turning away from self actualization. Dr. B says no, it is the result of collectivism. Most likely A) Dr. A is a behaviourist; Dr. B is humanist B) Dr. A follows the cognitive perspective; Dr. B is a structuralist C) Dr. A is a sociobiologist; Dr. B is a functionalist D) Dr. A follows the humanistic perspective; Dr. B follows the sociocultural perspective E) Dr. A is a cognitive behaviourist; Dr. B follows the behavioural perspective

PSY100H1 Chapter Notes -Motivation, Social Comparison Theory, Humanistic Psychology

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