PSY270H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Representativeness Heuristic, Availability Heuristic, Risk Aversion
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PSY270H1 Full Course Notes
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Two specific types of reasoning: deductive and inductive. Deductive reasoning: involves syllogisms (sequence of statements) in which a conclusion logically follows from premises; rationalism. Inductive reasoning: in which a conclusion follows from a consideration of evidence, this conclusion is stated as being probably true, observe the world, put observations together to get the probable truth; empiricism. Syllogism includes two statements called premises followed by a third statement, called the conclusion. Categorical syllogisms: premises and conclusion describe the relation between two categories using statements that begin with all, no, or some. Sometimes we cannot draw a logical conclusion from a syllogism, so it is indeterminate. A syllogism is valid when its conclusion follows logically from its two premises. P1: all birds are animals (all 1 are 2). All animals have four legs (all 2 are 3). Conclusion: all birds have four legs (all 1 are c).
