PSY280H1 Chapter : Ch13 Textbook Notes
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PSY280H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Vowels are created by changing the shape of the vocal tract which changes its resonant frequency and produces peaks of pressure at a number of different frequencies (formants: shown on a sound spectrogram. Consonants are produced by a constriction of the vocal tract. Formant transitions, rapid shifts in frequency preceding or following formants. Phoneme, the shortest segment of speech that, if changed, would change the meaning of a word. The variable relationship between phonemes and the acoustic signal. Formants are the acoustic signals for the vowels; the formant transitions that precede the formants must be the signal for the consonant. /di/ and /du/; even though we perceive the same /d/ sound, the formant transitions are different. Coarticulation, the overlap between the articulations of neighbouring phonemes. That we perceive the sound of a phoneme as the same even though the acoustic signal is changed by coarticulation is an example of perceptual constancy. Variability caused by coarticulation, different speakers, sloppy pronunciation.
