SOC101Y1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Biphobia, Homophobia, Heterosexism
Aaron Webster - hate crime in BC
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2005 sexual minority groups included in legislation
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The Canadian Context
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Some countries punish same-sex with death, prison, etc.
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Marriage legalized in some countries
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Global Context
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Not necessarily only 1 orientation --> flexible for many
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Hetero is considered normal --> homo must be caused
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Availability of partners, experiences, reinforcement, etc.
Environmental Explanations
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Genetic / hormonal differences --> effects of genes?
Biological Origins
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Reparative theory : aimed at 'fixing' attraction
Efforts do not work and may be harmful
Can Homosexuals change orientation?
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Origins : Nature / Nurture
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Homosexuality / Bisexuality : Prevalence and Explanation
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Explain societal reactions to and contexts for diversity
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Focuses on operations fulfilled through institutions, emphasize
importance of monogamous hetero relations for reproduction,
maturance and socialization of children
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Defined as "deviant" when cannot produce / rear children
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Antagonisms between homo and hetero may disrupt
equilibrium
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Interconnectedness of society fosters understanding that
urbanization has contributed to strong social network of gays
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Rise of individualism that values personal satisfaction
1.
Increasing gender equality
2.
Emergence of global society, internal pressure
3.
Structural - Functions Perspective
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Basic division between those with and without power
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Hetero controls institutions and can dominate
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Companies' non-discriminatory policies are good for press
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Struggle over power, prestige and economic resources
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Conflict Perspective
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Meanings of hetero, homo, bi and how they are constructed
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Formerly taboo
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Effect of labelling individuals --> 'master status'
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Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
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Beliefs about sexuality have made them vulnerable to a
variety of oppressive forces
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Issues about sexuality are not frivolous
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Anti-essentialism : nothing is guaranteed - social and culture
shapes
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Feminist Perspective
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Bodies / sexualities came to have meaning only as a result of
a variety of interventions and invasions
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Queer Theory Perspectives
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Sociological Theories
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" Sexualities" vol 1. page 325-357
➢
December 23, 2016
5:56 PM
READINGS Page 129
Document Summary
Some countries punish same-sex with death, prison, etc. Not necessarily only 1 orientation --> flexible for many. Hetero is considered normal --> homo must be caused. Efforts do not work and may be harmful. Explain societal reactions to and contexts for diversity. Focuses on operations fulfilled through institutions, emphasize importance of monogamous hetero relations for reproduction, maturance and socialization of children. Defined as deviant when cannot produce / rear children. Antagonisms between homo and hetero may disrupt equilibrium. Interconnectedness of society fosters understanding that urbanization has contributed to strong social network of gays. Basic division between those with and without power. Meanings of hetero, homo, bi and how they are constructed. Beliefs about sexuality have made them vulnerable to a variety of oppressive forces. Anti-essentialism : nothing is guaranteed - social and culture shapes. Bodies / sexualities came to have meaning only as a result of a variety of interventions and invasions.
