BIOC 300B Chapter Notes - Chapter 16.1 and 16.2: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Glucosidases, Ethanol Fermentation
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16 Mar 2018
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Glycolysis: the sequence of reactions that metabolizes one molecule of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate with the concomitant net production of two atp. Process is anaerobic because it has evolved before substantial amounts of oxygen accumulated in the atmosphere. Pyruvate can be processed into lactate (lactic acid fermentation) or ethanol (alcoholic fermentation) > also anaerobic. Aerobic conditions will induce pyruvate to be completely oxidized into co2 to generate much more atp. Gluconeogenesis: because glucose is such an important fuel source, it is regenerated by gluconeogenesis takes the metabolic products (pyruvate and lactate) and regenerate glucose. Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are not the reverse of one another, but they have common enzymes. The highly exergonic, irreversible steps of glycolysis are bypassed by gluconeogenesis. But the two reactions do not happen simultaneously. Glucose: derived from dietary, complex carbohydrates that are converted into simpler carbohydrates by absorption through the intestine and transport in the blood.
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