Anatomy and Cell Biology 3319 Chapter Notes -Coelom, Pleural Cavity, Brainstem

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8 days: each month one egg & hormones are released preparing uterus for implantation of egg, egg coated by a protein coat: zona pellucida breaks down making a cavity (eroding) changes it to blastocyst. Trophoblast cells invade endometrial walls & make placenta. Induction: ability of one group of cells to influence developmental direction of other cells. Influence of notochord on formation of neural tube. 70% of defects are associated with insufficient maternal folic acid levels: folic acid supplements are used during pregnancy. Doesn"t zip in the caudal region (neurospore) tail. Malformation of spinal cord, spine & lower nerves: anencephaly. Doesn"t zip in the rostral region (neurospore) head. Have rudimentary brain stem partially closed so it partially forms cerebral hemispheres (most anterior to develop) don"t form. Babies are unconscious, deaf, blind, no senses, can"t feel pain & won"t live for very long.

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