Anthropology 1026F/G Chapter 3: Chapter 3 Summary Understanding Humans
10 Jan 2012
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Cells are the fundamental units of life and they are essentially classified into two types. Gametes (eggs and sperm) are reproductive cells that transmit genetic information from parent to offspring. Genetic information is sound in dna molecules that are in the nuclei of cells. Dna is capable of replication and during mitosis and meiosis this is a key factor that makes it possible for daughter cells to receive the correct amount of dna to be able to function properly. Dna controls protein synthesis by directing cells to arrange amino acids in the proper sequence for each particular protein. Rna is a similar molecule which is also used on protein synthesis. Cells multiply by dividing and during cell division dna is visible under a microscope in the form of chromosomes. In humans there are 46 chromosomes, 23 from each parent. Somatic cells divide during growth or tissue repair or replace old or damaged cells.
