Anthropology 1027A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: International Phonetic Alphabet, Articulatory Phonetics, Auditory Phonetics

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What is phonetics: the study of the characteristics of human speech sounds to provide methods for their description, classification and transcription, a segment/phone is an individual sound that occurs in language. The international phonetic alphabet: like any technical field of study, a special vocabulary is a necessary tool. International phonetic alphabet (ipa: careful: we are now dealing with sounds or phones not letters or spelling. Ipa: set of conventions for representing speech sounds, one-to-one correspondence between symbol and sound (unlike spelling: rough, thought, bough, cough, relation between symbol and speech sound is arbitrary, phonetic symbols must be memorized. Few symbols are different from what we"ve seen. Memorize what they sound like: a phonetic transcription should not be confused with a conventional spelling system, although the two may use similar alphabetic symbols. Phonetic transcription: when words, phrases and sentences are written to reflect the sounds they contain, this type of writing is a phonetic transcription.

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