Biology 1002B Chapter Notes - Chapter 20: Convergent Evolution
19 Apr 2016
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How do we know which groups are closely related, and which are more distantly related? o. Similarity is the main principle that guides phylogenetic classification. More traits in common = more closely related. Homology: similarity that reflects recent common ancestry o. Ex. same bone arrangement, order, number of bones in forelimbs of different vertebrates. Suggest all these things have same morphological structure. Convergent evolution: same trait evolves in 2 different lineages o o o. Homoplasy: traits that can trick you into thinking traits are inherited from common ancestor, or. Can happen if two lineages share similar environments. Divergence: traits adapted to different environment, but the trait still comes from common ancestor. Homologies support the correct phylogeny; homoplasies are misleading. Underlying deeper structural differences that distinguish between two similar traits.
