Biology 1225 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Sampling Error, Eukaryote, Big Bang

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1: Invitation to Biology
Monday, May 21, 2018
12:20 PM
Exam Purposes
1.4, "What is a Species"
1.5, Table 1.1 and Fig 1.11
Life has Successive levels of organization
1. Atoms bond together to form molecules
2. No atoms are unique to living things but there are unique molecules
3. A cell: is the smallest unit of life, it consists of molecules and survives and reproduces
themselves using energy, raw materials and info in their DNA
4. An organism: is an individual that consists of one or more cells (in most multicelled organisms,
cells are organized as tissues, organs and bodily systems.
5. A community: consists of all population living in a given area
6. Communities may be large or small (After this comes ecosystem)
7. Biosphere: the most inclusive level, it encompasses all regions of Earths crust, waters and
atmospheres where organisms live
ALL ON PAGE 5
Message: All things (living or not) consist of atoms which form molecules. Only living things make
lipids, proteins, DNA, etc. Higher levels of life organization includes populations, ecosystems, etc.
1.3---All living things require ongoing inputs of energy and raw materials: All sense and respond to
change and all pass DNA to offspring
Organisms require ENERGY AND NUTRIENTS, they spend a lot of time acquiring these but differ among
individuals
2 Classifications of Living Things
1. Producer: makes its own food using energy and simple raw materials it obtains from
nonbiological sources; plants are producers by photosynthesis: they use energy of sunlight to
make sugars from water and CO2
2. Consumer: obtains energy and nutrients by feeding on organisms: Animals are consumers, so
are decomposers which feed on the waste/remains of other organisms
Energy is not cycled, it glows from the environment through organisms and back to the environment.
This maintains the organization of every living cell- Note: Cells cannot use heat as an energy source
Organisms sense and respond to change by adapting (much like our body begins to digest after we
consume) by adjusting, organisms keep conditions conducive to survival
Homeostasis: Process in which organisms keep their internal conditions within tolerable ranges by
sensing nd adapting to change
Organisms use the info in their DNA that guides ongoing functions to grow and reproduce
Growth--Increase in Cell number, size, volume
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