Kinesiology 1088A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Social Comparison Theory, Reward System, Critical Role

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Definition: the direction (approach/ avoid) and intensity (high/low) of ones effort. Some motivational factors can be easily changed (goal setting, reinforcement, attribution, self-confidence) while others are more difficult to influence (presence of others, anxiety, focus of attention) Guidelines: both the situation and personal traits motivate participants, it is important for a leader and the participant to understand what motivates an individual. Motives change over time: structure or change the environment to enhance motivation, critical role of the leader is in influencing the motivation of the participants (coaching style, undesirable motives can be changed through behaviour modification techniques. Reward: things used to modify or manipulate behaviour, material rewards. Contingency: relationship between a behaviour and its consequence. Contingency management: the regulation of behaviour by use of the tokens to influence or altar outcomes. Undesirable behaviours can be eliminated through use of token rewards. Desirable behaviours can be enhanced through use of token rewards.

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