Philosophy 2801F/G Chapter Notes -Amos T. Akerman, Basic Income, Egalitarianism

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18 Sep 2012

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Ambition sensitive distributive scheme everyone has the same naural talents. A successful auction meets the envy tests and makes each person pay for the costs of their own choices. Such a distributive shceme would be justice even though it allows some inequality in income. No one can claim to be treated with less consideration than another in the distribution of resources for if someone had preferred another person"s bundle of social goods she could have bid for it as well. Unfortunately the auction will only meet the envy test if we assume that no one id disadvantaged in terms of natural assets. Before the auction we give the disadvantaged enough social goods to compensate for their unchosen inequality in natural assets. Once that is done we give each person an equal share of the remaining resoureces to use in accordance with their choices in the auction.

A right triangle has legs ofknown lengths 2L and h. Find thelength of the line segment x whichis parallel to side h. Explainyour reasoning. Image in weblinkbelow:

http://paer.rutgers.edu/194/Downloads/194LAB07.pdfRY4bB71082bfFuqzISDrWGDOWfNgGl208qJNQTAhpzWjb_ahDlhGHPLz19S1Eq95&q=cache%3AnpyQu9LlzykJ%3Apaer.rutgers.edu%2F194%2FDownloads%2F194LAB07.pdf%20this%20geometry%20task%20may%20be%20helpful%20for%20devising%20a%20mathematical%20procedure%20for%20the%20next%20lab.%20A%20right%20triangle&docid=5c8a26db354186a31ce6383

POSTSCRIPT: EFFECTS OFASSUMPTIONS

The marbled murrelet is asmall bird that lives in the PacificNorthwest where old-growthforests are close to the sea. It nests inthe forests and feedsoffshore. It is now highly endangeredthroughout its range, whichextends from Northern California toAlaska.

These birds are extremelyvulnerable to loss of their habitat,because they nest exclusivelyin the same old-growth coniferoustrees that are prime targets forlogging. Considerable efforts havebeen made to protect the speciesby restricting timber operations inthe areas in which they areknown to nest. Scientists predicted thatthe population should growback. However until recently naturalistswere puzzledand

dismayed because thepopulation of marbled murrelets did notseem to be recovering oreven stabilizing.

A recent study suggests thereason why this testing experimentin conservation did not confirmthe prediction. The scientistsoverlooked an important assumption:murrelets can also be threatenedby man's activity at sea.Overfishing has severely reduced thepopulation of small,energy-rich fish that murrelets rely upon formost of theircalories.

Climate change of uncertainorigin may have also disrupted thefood chain, and El Nino currentsmay have changed the distributionof the phytoplankton that formsthe base of all marine life.

Further efforts to preservethe marbled murrelet must be basedon accurate assumptions aboutthe origin of their difficulties.

Could naturalists have betterconsidered their originalassumptions years ago? What would yousay?

Consider three identical spherical conductors. One conductor,labeled A, is given a
charge of 7mC of type Nell. The charge state of the second andthird conductors, B and C, are unknown. The conductors undergo asequence of 3 contacts that occur ONLY between pairs of conductors.After the contacts, the net charge on each conductor is A: (0.25mCof type Nell), B: (1.875mC of type Nell) and C: (1.875mC of typeNell). Letâs make the assumption that the type Paul charge statecorresponds to an excess of electrons.

Because these three spheres are ______________________ the_______________ can be
freely exchanged between any pair of conductors in contact. Sincethese conductive
spheres all have the same size, when the spheres are placed incontact the ______
_____________ will evenly distribute between the two spheres.Because charge is a
property of particles and the particles can not be destroyed ANDthere is no outside
source of charge, the _______________ charge of the ______________must remain
constant at 4mC of type Nell. Based on this information, we candetermine that the
charge of at least one of B or C must be of type_______________.

To determine the order of contacts we must start from the lastcontact and work our way to the first contact. It is important tonote that because we have no initial charge state information forspheres B and C that we have the ability to make an arbitrarydecision about the initial charge state of these two spheres. Inother words, the charge states of sphere B and C areinterchangeable. Third and last Contact: Because spheres ________and _______ have the same charge we can determine that they were______ in contact. If we look at spheres B and C as the system, wefind that the total charge of the sub system consisting of B and Cwas ______________ of type _________.

Second contact: We can safely assume that A touched either B or Cprior to B and C
being brought into contact. Here we can make the arbitrary choicethat B touched A in the second contact. If this is the case, weknow that the charge of B ___________ it touched C must have been______________ of type __________ because it must have the sameamount and type of charge as the final state of _______. Therefore,at this instant we know that the charge on sphere C was________________ of type ____________________ it touched B.

First contact: Now we have an interesting situation. We find thatthe charge state of
sphere C would be consistent with sphere C being initially____________ and being
placed in contact with _______________ since the charge state of Cis exactly
__________ that of ____________ initially. This would mean that thecharge state of
sphere A after contact with ______ would be _____________ of type__________.
However, we already determined that the __________ charge of thesystem containing sphere _______ and sphere _______ in the secondcontact was ____________ of type __________. The only way this ispossible is if sphere B has a charge of __________ of type____________.

Final Results
The initial charge state of sphere Ais:_________________________________________
The initial charge state of sphere Bis:_________________________________________
The initial charge state of sphere Cis:_________________________________________
In the first contact of sphere ___________ to sphere_________________ how many
electrons were transferred from one sphere to the other?
In the second contact of sphere ___________ to sphere_________________ how many
electrons were transferred from one sphere to the other?
In the third contact of sphere ___________ to sphere_________________ how many
electrons were transferred from one sphere to the other?

Philosophy 2801F/G Chapter Notes -Amos T. Akerman, Basic Income, Egalitarianism

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