Psychology 2800E Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Random Assignment, Anagram, Smart People
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Experiment: specifically means that the researchers manipulated at least one variable and measured another. Manipulated variable (iv): a variable that is controlled, such as when the researcher assign participants to a particular level of the variable. Measured variables (dv): take the form of records of behaviour or attitudes, such as self-reports, behavioural observations, or physiological measures. Controlled variable: any variable that an experimenter holds constant on purpose. Design confound: an experimenter"s mistake in designing the independent variable. It is a second variable that happens to vary systematically along with the intended independent variable and therefore is an alternative explanation for the results. Systematic variability: bad for internal validity if for example the researcher assistants treat each group differently. Unsystematic variability: consistent behaviour across both groups for treatments. Selection effect: occurs in an experiment when the kinds of participants in one level of the independent variable are systematically different from those in the other.