Psychology 3130A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Deductive Reasoning, Validity, Inductive Reasoning

• School: Western University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: Psychology 3130A/B
• Professor: Mark Holden

Document Summary

Induction involves making predictive inferences from observations. Induction moves from specific to general (based on evidence) and the conclusions are probabilistic. Induction can also be described as going beyond the given evidence to discover something new via thinking. Deduction often starts with a general statement and then proceeds to more specific statements. We are attempting to explain how people make very specific conclusions. Rather than going beyond the given evidence to discover something new via thinking. Deduction often involves verifying that which is already known. Categorical syllogism combining additions premises and a conclusion, we can create an entire categorical syllogism. In a deductive statement, it is assumed that the premises are true. Given these two premises, the deduction is considered to be valid if the conclusion follows directly from the premises. A valid deduction is one where the conclusion is the only possible conclusion given the premises.