Psychology 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Random Assignment, Internal Validity, Dependent And Independent Variables

• School: Western University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: Psychology 1000
• Professor: Dr.Mike

Document Summary

Scientific attitudes: a good scientist is curious, skeptical, and open-minded. Kitty genovese murder: a young woman was stabbed to death in new york city. 38 bystanders heard her screams and cries for help and no one called the police. Diffusion of responsibility: a psychological state in which each person feels decreased personal responsibility for intervening. The more bystanders present, the more likely someone is to not react. Initial observation/question: something noteworthy is observed and a question is asked: form hypothesis: a tentative explanation or prediction about some phenomenon. Theory: a set of formal statements that explains how and why certain events are related to one another. Theories are broader than hypotheses, and in psychology theories typically specify lawful relations between certain behaviours and their causes. Incorporate existing facts and observations in a meaningful way. Are testable and generate new hypotheses and predictions. Are supported by the findings of new research.