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BI226 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Spermatogenesis, Basal Body, Gametophyte

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2 Dec 2012

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Robert Boulianne

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Document Summary

Cytologists and geneticists in early 20th century determined that genes were carried on chromosomes. Plant cells have an outer covering called cell wall made of a polysaccharide called cellulose (over the plasma membrane) In order to understand heredity, we need to understand the behavior of chromosomes during the cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis. Animal cells have glycocalyx, consists of glycoproteins & polysaccharides covering over the plasma membrane too. Genetic material of eukaryotes is often distributed among multiple linear chromosomes. Chromosome in eukaryotic cells, a linear structure composed of a single dna molecule complex with protein. Each species has a certain # of chromosomes in the nucleus of its cells. In nucleolus, ribosomal rna (rrna) is made. Areas of dna that encode rrna are call nucleolus organizer region (nor) Cytoplasm consists of mostly tubulin derived microtubules & actin-derived microfilaments. Endosymbiotic hypothesis mitochondria & chloroplast were once free living organisms that formed a symbiotic relationship with a primitive eukaryotic cell.

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Related Questions

i need help with this homwork please choose the correct answers and just be claer to read and understand for the slect the apply qusestions too and it is important i realy need the right answers so please be claer not write randomly i really need the correct answers to study for my test so hop you can help me

Question 1

What is the smallest cell you could find?

Question 2

TEMs appear as 3D images

Question 3

Bacteria are what cell type? Write one word as the answer in lowercase and using no syntax.

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Question 42 pts

ALL eukaryotic cells have which of the following. Click all that apply.

membrane enclosed cell organelles

Question 5

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes both have which if the following cellular components. Click all that apply.

plasma membrane

Question 6

I am made of one 60s and one 40s subunit, which organelle am I?

bacterial ribosome

Question 9

The difference between the rough and smooth ER is

the rough produces lipids where as the smooth does not

the rough has many folds and convolutions where as the smooth does not

the rough has ribosome embedded and the smooth does not

the rough is closer to the cell membrane whereas the smooth is closer to the nucleus

Question 10

The site where many lipids, including cell membrane is produced.

Question 11

Name the organelle: In muscle cells in particular, I would increase in number and size in response to frequent exercise

Question 12

In animal cells, glucose would be mobilized from its storage molecule (glycogen) in this part of the cell.

Question 13

Which of these is associated with the rough ER

production of carbohydrates

production of steroid hormones

production of ATP

production of proteins that are secreted from the cell

Question 14

Which organelle sorts, modifies and stores substances produced on the rough ER. Write two words as the answer in lower case separated by a space.

Question 15

Which organelle is responsible for ATP production. Write one word in the singular as the answer.

Question 16

You inherit all of your mitochondria from your

half from your mother and half from your father

mother

Question 17

An organelle that contains chlorophyll

Question 18

Microtubules have a variety of roles, which of the options below is NOT one of them?

separate chromosomes

cilia and flagellum movement

tracks for organelle movement

constrict the cell during cell division

Question 19

Made of tubulin subunits

intermediate filaments

Question 20

Name the part of the cytoskeleton that is made of two twisted rods of actin. Write one word as the answer in lower case.

Question 21

Which part of the cytoskeleton is made of the same protein as your hair and nails?

Intermediate filaments

Question 22

The extracellular matrix is found outside of, but attached to the cell membrane?

Question 23

Which of the options below is an important function of the extra cellular matrix?

connecting cells together

regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell

helping cells divide into two cells

keeping the cell in a fixed and ridged shape

Question 24

Which part of the cell wall has a high pectin content?

secondary cell wall

extracellular matrix

primary cell wall

Question 25

Plants have mitochondria, chloroplasts, a cell wall, and nuclei.

False

Question 27

What accounts for 40% of the protein in our bodies?

Question 28

Animal cells have cell walls