PP201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Modus Tollens, Demyship, Deductive Reasoning
Document Summary
It"s important to be able to recognize necessary and sufficient conditions in whatever form they appear so that these arguments won"t mislead you. There are four basic argument forms involving necessary and sufficient conditions: two are good and two are bad. The good and bad arguments look very similar. We affirm when we say exactly the same thing this is called modus penens. If you eat your peas, then you can have a cookie. I can only go out tonight if i finish writing this essay soon. Your assertion was that finishing the essay soon is a necessary condition or going out. This argument denies the necessary condition known as modus tollens. Summary: affirms the sufficient condition (modus penens, denies the necessary condition (modus tollens) Bad arguments do the opposite of good arguments. Bad conditional arguments: deny the sufficient condition ex. Therefore, tariq is not a natural science major: affirm the necessary condition - ex.