PS270 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Kin Selection
Document Summary
A motive to increase another"s welfare without conscious regard for one"s: social exchange . Biological level sociological level: social norms (exchange, evolutionary psychology. The tendency that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one"s rewards and minimize one"s costs. The idea that self-interest motivates all behaviour; a motive (supposedly underlying all behaviour) to increase your own welfare; the opposite of altruism. An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them. An expectation that people will help those dependent upon them without regard to future exchanges. Helping someone without expecting anything in return: reciprocity norm -> social-responsibility norm. For example: people are more likely to help if doing so rewards them for their efforts. Your text demonstrates this with the example of people giving more money to charities that offer small "thank you" gifts in return: external rewards for helping -> distress (inner rewards for helping, reciprocity.
