BIOL 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8-9: Cleavage Furrow, G1 Phase, Cell Plate
Document Summary
Chapter 8 cell cycles and chapter 9 meiosis. Cell division is the division of one cell into multiple cells. In prokaryotes, dna is in a single, circular chromosome and sometimes in smaller plasmids which contain non-essential genes: bacteria dna is supercoiled using proteins such as hu, they do not have histone proteins, although some have histone-like proteins. Cell cycle: divided into the time it is in division (mitosis + cytokinesis) to time it is not (interphase) Sister chromatids are identical pieces of dna held together by a centromere and a protein called cohesion. The centromere contains kinetochore proteins where the microtubules/spindle fibres attach during mitosis. Cytokinesis: animals, cleavage furrow forms via contracting of actin and myosin (microfilaments, plants, cell plate forms via vesicles containing cell wall material. Result: one diploid parent cell divided into two identical diploid daughter cells which each enter the g1 stage of interphase. Meiosis: (for germ-line/sex cells: meiosis i separation of homologous chromosomes, prophase i.
