5: chloroplast kept in the dark can continue to make sugar is provided with
A: NADPH, CO2, and ADP
B: CO2, and ATP
C: NADPH, ATP, and CO2
D: NADPH and ATP
E: water and ATP
7: C3 plants are more susceptible to photorespiration than either C4 or CAM plants. Why do most plants lack the C4 pathway??
A: Switching between C3, C4, and CAM photosynthesis is very difficult for most plants
B: ?Rubisco is more efficient in C3 plants when compared to rubisco of C4 and CAM plants
C: Most plant species do not have vacuoles in their cells to store the malate generated from CO2 taken in during the night.
D; : Photorespiration is not a serious problem for most plants.?
E: There is an energetic cost to C4 and CAM pathways that only makes them advantageous in very hot and/or arid environments.?
8: In Engelmann's classic experiment, why were the oxygen-requiring bacteria clustered around the regions of Spirogyra algae that were bathed in red, blue, and violet light?
A; The bacteria were immobile and that is where Engelmann happened to place them
.?B; The most energy-rich wavelengths of light are found at the edges of visible and nonvisible light (ultra
violet and infrared)
C; Photosynthesis is most active in those wavelengths of light and thus more oxygen is consumed by the algae in those regions.
D: Photosynthesis is most active in those wavelengths of light and thus more oxygen is produced by the algae in those regions.?
E: : Chlorophyll is green and thus reflects green light.
9: In any experiment, changes to the dependent variable based on the manipulations of the independent variable are measured. When determining the action spectrum of a given plant, what is the independent variable and what is the dependent variable?
A: independent = rate of O2 release in photosynthesis; dependent = wavelength?
B: ?independent = absorption of light; dependent = wavelength
C: independent = wavelength; dependent = rate of O2 release in photosynthesis?
D: independent = wavelength; dependent = absorption of light?
E: independent = rate of O2 release in photosynthesis; dependent = absorption of light
11: In order to elucidate the Calvin cycle, Calvin and his colleagues used two-dimensional paper chromatography to analyze the presence of different molecules under different conditions. What did they conclude from the accumulation of RuBP when CO2 levels were low??
A: CO2 serves as a non-competitive inhibitor of rubisco.
B: RuBP is the last substrate to react in the Calvin cycle.
C: RuBP only reacts with CO2 when concentrations of ATP are low
D: RuBP is the first substrate to react with CO2
E: RuBP only reacts with CO2 in the sunlight
12: Why isn't oxygen produced by organisms that perform anoxygenic photosynthesis?
A; their membranes lack ATP synthase?
B; They use a different enzyme for the initial reactions of the calvin cycle
C: they use electrons donors other than water
D: their photosystem do not utilize the calvin cycle
E: their chorophyll contains an iron rather than magnesium
