PSYC 2110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: John Bowlby
PSYC 2110 Chapter 12 Notes
Introduction
Cocaine Exposed
• As Tronick and colleagues suspected, the interaction patterns of the cocaine-exposed
mother–infant pairs were different from those of the no exposed pairs.
• For the most part, the cocaine exposed infants and their mothers did not appear to be
engaged in the kind of social interaction that facilitates both social and cognitive
development in later months.
• Previous research suggests that the quality of caregiver–infant interactions is extremely
important to the healthy social and cognitive development of very young children
(Ainsworth, 1979, 1989).
• Positive, synchronized interactions provide the infant with the foundation for forming
other positive, supportive relationships later on in life.
• Such relationships also enable the child to investigate objects and the rest of the world
without excessive fear (Bowlby, 1973, 1988).
• Unfortunately, compared to no exposed infants, the cocaine-exposed 4-month-olds
were hyper vigilant
• They spent more time monitorig their others’ reatios ad ehaviours ad less tie
exploring the toys in the lab.
• In addition, the interactions of the cocaine-exposed pairs were less synchronized
• Often the child would be emotionally neutral while the mother was emotionally
negative.
• In the highest-exposure group, mother and infant spent more time negatively engaged
and less time positively engaged than all other pairs.
• Overall, the cocaine-exposed infants hiccupped and spit up more than their no exposed
peers, and those with the highest exposure were more passive and distant than both no
exposed infants and those exposed to lower levels of cocaine.
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