PSYC 3140 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Major Depressive Episode, Major Depressive Disorder, Mania
Document Summary
Major depressive disorder: single episode is highly unlikely (40-80% experience another), recurrent is more common: kindling hypothesis: once depression is experienced, takes less stress to induce a subsequent recurrence 2 hypotheses for why. Sensitivity hypothesis: causes lower threshold for dealing with stress takes less stress to re-trigger it. Prevalence is now higher among younger than older people. First episode duration = 9 months long, due to major stress of life, subsequent episodes = average 4-5 months (can heal without treatment): considered recurrent if 2+ episodes are separated by at least 2 months. Recurrent = more likely to have family history: artifact theory: men suffer in silence while women talk more/ruminate about feelings is not true as reason for increased depression, atypical presentations: atypical presentation: oversleep, overeat, gain weight, anxious. Melancholic (mdd only): severe somatic symptoms (weight loss, loss of libido, excessive guilt, etc), more severe depression. Psychotic: more congruent (related to depression)/incongruent (unrelated to depression) hallucinations/delusions.