PSYC 3350 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Lactase, Lactose Intolerance, Cultural Practice

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Early humans feet: less bipedal than modern humans, wider, with larger gap between first 2 toes and higher arch. Difference due to not wearing shoes: people who habitually wear shoes tend to have narrower feet, 2 first toes closer together and lower arch. Shape of feet can be seen as a cultural product: wearing shoes changes shape of feet, and way we run. Running has been central enough to human history that some researchers proposed humans have evolved to be endurance runners, enabling them to outrun prey. Running in barefeet: more likely to land on fore-feet or midfeet. Running in shoes: tend to land rear feet. Anecdotal reports indicate that barefooted running leads to reduced injury rates; also children take longer steps when wearing shoes. Selection pressures vary across different geographical and cultural environments, so humans have been evolving some particular traits that differ across regions of the world.

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