BIO-1802 Chapter Notes - Chapter 24: Secondary Sex Characteristic, Population Genetics, Genetic Drift
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Natural selection- the process in which beneficial traits that are heritable become more common in successive generations. Detrimental traits that are heritable become less common. Natural selection occurs because some individuals become less common. Natural selection occurs because some individuals possess more favorable phenotypes compared to others. The phenotypes are controlled by the individuals" genotypes. Natural selection is a key mechanism that causes evolution to happen. Over time, natural selection leads to adaptations- changes in populations of living organisms that promote their survival and reproduction in a particular environment. Under new environmental conditions, the relative fitness values may change to favor one genotype, and this will promote the elimination of other genotypes. Stabilizing selection: favors the survival of individuals with intermediate phenotypes and selects against those with extreme phenotypes, tends to decrease genetic diversity. Likely to occur in populations that occupy heterogeneous environments, so some.