BIO 182 Chapter Notes - Chapter 26.1-26.3: Chemotroph, Nitrification, Nitrogen Fixation
Document Summary
Prokaryotic domains bacteria and archaea: no membrane-bound organelles, amazing amount if metabolic diversity, no energy-producing organelles, asexual reproduction. Plasmids small circles of dna that replicate independently of the circular chromosome. Peptidoglycan complex polymer of sugars and amino acids that make up the cell wall. Molecules generally move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration (diffusion) Movement of molecules happens randomly as they bump into other molecules. Net movement stops when equilibrium has been reached just means that about equal movement is everywhere but there is still movement happening. Bacterial cells are tiny to make diffusion through the cell easier so nutrients can be spread more quickly. Genome size can influence reproduction rate (large genome requires more time to copy so reproduction will take longer) Redox reactions two molecules react: one loses an electron and becomes more positive (oxidation, other gains an electron and becomes more negative (reduction)
