POLS 237 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Equal Protection Clause, Nikki Haley, Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act

• School: Ball State University
• Department: Political Science
• Course: POLS 237
• Professor: Dr. Pamela M. Schaal

Document Summary

Federalism: political system in which national and regional governments share powers and are considered independent equals. Unitary systems: political systems in which power is concentrated in a central government. Confederacy: political system in which power is concentrated in regional governments. Representative government: a form of government in which citizens exercise power indirectly by choosing representatives to legislate on their behalf. Enumerated powers: grants of authority explicitly given by the constitution. National supremacy clause: constitutional clause that states that federal law takes precedence over all other laws. Preemption: the p(cid:396)o(cid:272)ess of the fede(cid:396)al go(cid:448)e(cid:396)(cid:374)(cid:373)e(cid:374)t"s o(cid:448)e(cid:396)(cid:396)idi(cid:374)g a(cid:396)eas (cid:396)egulated by state law. Exclusive powers: powers given by the constitution solely to the federal government. Concurrent powers: powers that both the federal and state governments can exercise. These include the power to tax, borrow, and spend. Implied powers: broad, but undefined, powers given to the federal government by the constitution.