CAS BI 315 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6.1; 6.4-6.7: Resting Potential, Central Nervous System, Axon Terminal

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14 Feb 2018

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Central nervous system (cns) brain & spinal cord. Peripheral nervous system (pns) neurons connect cns to rest of body. Processes long extensions that connect neurons together; perform input/output functions. Dendrites branched outgrowths of neuron cell body. Pns: receive sensory information and transfers it to integrating regions. Axon nerve fiber; process that carries outgoing signals to target cells. Initial segment arises from cell body; where electrical signals are started. Axon terminal end of branch; releases neurotransmitters diffuse across extracellular gap. Axonal transport allows organelles/materials to move along axon using kinesins/dyneins (directional) Resting membrane potential potential difference across membranes (intra -; extra +) Measured in reference to extracellular (as baseline) Excess of positive outside and negative inside equal forces. 3 na+ and 2 k+ are pumped into/out of cells respectively using sodium-potassium pump. Equilibrium potential no net movement of specific ion because [] gradient and potential create. Goldman-hodgkin-katz equation calculates membrane potential taking into account the.

Related Questions

Nerve cells that conduct messages are called (1) ____. (2) _____ cells, which support and nurture the activities of neurons, make up less than half the volume of the nervous system. (3) _______ neurons respond to specific kinds of environmental stimuli, (4) ______ connect different neurons in the spinal cord and brain, and (5) ______ neurons are linked with muscles or glands. All neurons have a (6) _______ ________ that contains the nucleus and the metabolic means to carry out protein synthesis. (7) _______ are short, slender extensions of the (6), and together these two neuronal parts are the neuronsâ âinput zoneâ for receiving (8) _____. The (9) _____ is a single long, cylindrical extension away form the (10) ______; in motor neurons, the (11) ______ has finely branched (12) ________ that terminate on muscle or gland cells and are âoutput zones,â where messages are sent on to other cells. A neuron at rest establishes unequal electric charges across its plasma membrane, and a(n) (13) ____ ____ is maintained. Another name for (13) is the (14) _____ _____ _____; it represents an ability for the membrane to be disturbed. Weak disturbances of the neuronal membrane might set off only slight changes across a small patch, but strong disturbances can cause a(n) (15) _______ ______, which is an abrupt, short-lived reversal in the polarity of charge across the plasma membrane of the neuron. For a fraction of a second, the cytoplasmic side of a bit of membrane becomes positive with respect to the outside. The (16) ______ that travels along the neural membrane is nothing more than short-lived changes in the membrane potential. A. Neurons H. Sensory B. Motor I. Endings C. Interneurons J. Disturbance D. Cell body K. Signals (stimuli) E. Axon L. Voltage differential F. Dendrites M. Resting membrane potential G. Neuroglial N. Action potential

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CAS BI 315 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6.1; 6.4-6.7: Resting Potential, Central Nervous System, Axon Terminal

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