SAR HP 252 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Down Syndrome, Intellectual Disability, Egg Cell

• School: Boston University
• Department: Health Physiology
• Course: SAR HP 252
• Professor: Sullivan-Soydan

Document Summary

Section 2: chromosomes- threadlike structures that come in 23 pairs, with one member of each pair coming from each parent. Chromosomes contain the genetic substance dna: dna- a complex molecule that contains genetic information, genes- units of hereditary information composed of dna. It is not known why the extra chromosome is present, but the health of the male sperm or the female ovum may be involved. Males with this disorder have underdeveloped testes, and they usually have enlarged breasts and become tall: fragile x syndrome- a genetic disorder involving an abnormality in the x chromosome, which becomes constricted and often breaks. It is a genetic disorder that impairs the fu(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374)i(cid:374)g of the (cid:271)od(cid:455)"s (cid:396)ed (cid:271)lood (cid:272)ells: red (cid:271)lood (cid:272)ells (cid:272)a(cid:396)(cid:396)(cid:455) o(cid:454)(cid:455)ge(cid:374) to the (cid:271)od(cid:455)"s othe(cid:396) (cid:272)ells a(cid:374)d a(cid:396)e usuall(cid:455) disk shaped. In sickle-cell anemia, a recessive gene causes the red blood cell to (cid:271)e(cid:272)o(cid:373)e hook shaped (cid:862)si(cid:272)kle(cid:863) that (cid:272)a(cid:374)(cid:374)ot (cid:272)a(cid:396)(cid:396)(cid:455) o(cid:454)(cid:455)ge(cid:374) p(cid:396)ope(cid:396)l(cid:455) a(cid:374)d dies (cid:395)ui(cid:272)kl(cid:455).