MICR-3050 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2.7-2.13: Polyhydroxybutyrate, Cell Membrane, Invagination
14 Oct 2018
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2. 7-2. 13 cell surface structures, inclusions, endospores, and motility: capsules and slime layers. Well organized and not easily removed from, the cell. Attachment to other surfaces and each other (biofilms) Protects against: desiccation, phagocytosis, detergents, viruses, toxins, and antimicrobials. Similar to capsules except diffuse, unorganized, and easily removed. Slime may aid in motility: cell inclusions. Some are enclosed by single layered membrane or invagination of the plasma membrane: storage inclusions. Storage of nutrients, metabolc end products, energy, building blocks. Complex, dormant survival structures formed by some bacteria. Various locations within the cell (species specific) Resistant to heat, radiation, chemicals, and dessication. Germination: spore to cell: formation of vegitative cell. Extend beyond the cell envelope in bacteria and archaea. Functions: protection, attachment to surfaces, horizontal gene transfer, cell movement. Fimbriae, pili, and flagella: fimbriae and pili. Short, thin, hair like, proteinaceous appendages (up to 1,000/cell) Some (type iv pili) are required for motility or dna uptake.
