BIOMG 1350 Chapter Notes - Chapter 22: Egg Cell, Endoderm, Ectoderm
29 Oct 2016
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Starts as single cell/fertilized egg: development: divides into many different cells. Cells differ because they express different sets of genes. Selective gene expression controls: cell proliferation, cell specialization, cell interactions, cell movement. Animals share some basic anatomical features: basic anatomical scheme of development. External part of epithelial sheet of cleaved cells. Precursor of gut and appendages (lung and liver) Interior part of epithelial sheet of cleaved cells. Precursor of muscles, connective tissues, other components. Group of cells in space between ectoderm and endoderm: gastrulation. Transformation of a simple ball or hollow sphere of cells into a. Mulicellular animals are enriched in proteins mediating cell interactions and structure. Gene regulation: some genes with key roles in vertebrates have no homologs in genome of invertebrates, genes are free to mutate without seriously harming fitness. Consequences are not so often severe as for genes with homologs: two classes of genes important for multicellular organization.
