BISC 1112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 41: Jejunum, Positive Feedback, Disaccharide

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Nutrition: food being taken in, taken apart, and taken up. The eat food outside their standard diet when the usual foods. 41. 1: an animal"s diet must supply chemical energy, organic molecules, and essential nutrients. Chemical energy from diet is used to produce atp which powers many cellular processes. Undernutrition: caused by a diet that fails to provide adequate sources of chemical energy. Body uses stored carbs & fat, then begins breaking down its own protein for fuel. Organic carbon (such as sugar) and organic nitrogen (protein) Using these, animals can construct many different organic molecules. Essential nutrients: materials an animal cannot assemble from simpler organic precursors; preassembled organic molecules and minerals; must be obtained from diets. Serve as substrates of enzymes, as coenzymes, and as cofactors in biosynthetic reactions. Essential amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Essential amino acids: amino acids obtained from food in a prefabricated form. Protein deficiency: most common type of malnutrition among humans.

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