BSC 203 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Apoptosis, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Organelle

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19 Sep 2017

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Cells are very complex creations, meaning there is a lot going on inside of them. Cell organization is the reason that they can function effectively and efficiently. The way cells are designed is so that it is like a machine. Each one has a function and if they follow that function everything should go according to plan. The major part of all cells is the organelles inside of them. One factor of the design of organelles is sizing. The size of organelles inside the cell is determined by what is needed most to function. The more important organelles are larger in size to have more space for actions. An example of this is the endoplasmic reticulum. This organelle is larger to help create more lipids. Another design factor of organelles is how many there is inside the cell. Each cell has a specific predetermined number of each organelle, like: one nucleus, multiple mitochondria and tons of ribosomes.

Related Questions

One effective learning strategy when trying to learn largeamounts of factual information is to group items, or âchunkâ. Youshould include all important structures of the cell (this includescell membrane and membrane adaptations as well as organelles).Examples of general categories could be location, function,morphology, etc. Your categorization groups must tell the viewersomething about the structures. Once your structures are groupedaccording to the characteristics they share, you should include ashort phrase about what differentiates them from each other withinthe group. Citation of your source material must be present.

List of Organelles:

Nucleus, Nuclear envelope/membrane, Nucleolus, Ribosomes,Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Mitochondria, Plasmamembrane, Cytoskeleton, Transport/secretory vesicles,Phagosomes/endosomes-including sorting & recycling endosomes,Lysosomes, Peroxisomes, Lipid droplets, Glycogen granules

I started this assignment and was going to go withfunction and morphology. Below is what I have so far, but I'mhaving a difficult time coming up with a short phrase for each anddistinguishing between the organelles that can change shape/morphand those that cannot. I am open to changing the categories that Ihave chosen to chunk. I've never used this technique before so it'sa new concept for me.

Function

Protein Synthesis â Nucleus, Nuclear envelope, Nuclear porecomplex, Ribosomes, Rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus,Plasma membrane

Energy Production â Mitochondria, Lipid droplets, Glycogengranules

Transportation â Transport vesicles, Phagosomes,Cytoskeleton

Metabolism â Lysosomes aid in digestion, Peroxisomes oxidizefatty acids

Morphology

Ability to change shape â Mitochondria, Cell membrane, Nuclearenvelope,

Inability to change shape â Nucleus, Nuclear envelope,

erinporpoise390

In order to understand how cells function, we often have to use analogies to everyday items or processes to explain the jobs of the various organelles. In this assignment, we're asking you to determine which everyday items that you can find around the house (from your kitchen/desk drawers, backpack, a recycling bin, food, etc.) to represent the organelles inside a cell, and to assemble those items into a 3-dimensional representation of a eukaryotic (plant or animal) cell. Think about how the items you're using can best represent the various parts of the cells and their functions. For example, what does the mitochondria do? What household item do you have that is analogous, or could represent that function?

Note that the items that you find may or may not visually resemble their cellular counterparts. It's fine if they don't - weâre looking for you to demonstrate to us that you know what the various organelles do, and that you can think creatively about what objects fill that role in your house or in your life. Therefore, your finished "model" may not look much (or at all) like the diagram of a cell from your textbook! However, if the spatial organization of organelles is important (e.g. if one type of organelle is always located next to another), we do expect to see that reflected in your model.

Your model will need to include:

A picture (or pictures) of your model. The picture(s) must contain your name written on a piece of paper next to your model. If you'd like, include a picture of yourself with your model. (A cell-fie!)

Proper identification of the cell (is it a plant or animal cell)?

For each organelle/structure:

Correct labeling/identification of the structure in your image/video

A description of the organelle's function, which should be in YOUR OWN WORDS, not copied from the book, lectures, or other sites.

A justification for why the object that you chose to represent each organelle is a good analogy for that organelle's function.

Attention to quality and creativity â which will weigh into the overall evaluation.

You can do this in a text document, a powerpoint presentation, or a short video in which you verbally explain your model (be sure to include your name in the video!). Note that you will NOT receive credit for a drawing of a cell or a collage or collection of images found online. Any images you submit must be completely original and made by you. Your name should be in any document and/or picture you submit. Submissions without names will receive reduced credit.

This is NOT intended to be a burdensome exercise, nor should you need to purchase any materials to complete this assignment - I would like for it to be a fun way for you to practice working with the different types of organelles and their structures and functions, and to think creatively about the materials you have on hand.

greenwallaby197

Value: 1

Anabolic pathways of metabolism are pathways that:

a. build complex molecules from simple ones.

b. release stored chemical energy.

c. take place primarily in skeletal muscle

d. make large quantities of ATP.

Value: 2

The sum of all chemical reactions in a cell is referred to as _______________.

Value: 3

Organisms that derive both their energy and carbon from organic compounds are:

a. photoautotrophs.

b. chemoautotrophs.

c. chemoheterotrophs.

d. photoheterotrophs

Value: 4

It is often stated that the phosphate bonds in ATP are "high energy," but in fact, they are not notably high in energy. Rather, they are easy to break, and the âG of hydrolysis is a "useful" quantity of energy. What makes the phosphate bonds easy to break?

a. They are close to the destabilizing nitrogenous base adenosine

b. Positive charges on amino groups repel each other.

c. Negative charges on phosphate groups repel each other

d. High acidity attacks bonds between amino acids.

Value: 5

Which of the following describes ATP hydrolysis? Select all that apply

[mark all correct answers]
a. exergonic

b. spontaneous

c. often coupled to a reaction that has a positive ÎG

Value: 6

Which of the following describes catabolic reactions?

a. They are endergonic and have a negative change in free energy

b. They are exergonic and have a negative change in free energy

c. They are exergonic and have a positive change in free energy.

d. They are endergonic and have a positive change in free energy.

Value: 7

Why are cells not infinitely big?

a. Because they wouldn't fit in an organism

b. Because they would have a small surface area:volume ratio and substances would diffuse in and out too slowly

c. Because they would have a large surface area to volume ratio and substances would diffuse in and out too quickly

Value: 9

How is organelle movement around cells controlled?

a. the nucleus directs the movement of organelles in a cell

b. the cytoskeleton is like a monorail that moves organelles in a cell via motor proteins

c. organelles do not move, they have a fixed position in the cell

d. organelles move by facilitated diffusion in the cell

Value: 10

1. Prokaryotic cells lack:

a. a. A nucleus

b. organelles

c. cell membrane

d. DNA

e. A and B

Value: 11

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER)

a. a. Makes cell membranes

b. has ribosomes attached

c. are a site of protein synthesis

d. all of the above

Value: 12

Match the items.

The task is to match the lettered items with the correct numbered items. Appearing below is a list of lettered items. Following that is a list of numbered items. Each numbered item is followed by a drop-down. Select the letter in the drop down that best matches the numbered item with the lettered alternatives.

a. help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles.
b. Takes in molecules in transport vesicles, modifies them, and sends them back out in vesicles
c. makes sugar
d. makes ATP
e. assembles the ribosomes
f. gives the cell structure
g. move material around the cell

1. vesicles	a b c d e f g
2. cytoskeleton	a b c d e f g
3. the golgi apparatus	a b c d e f g
4. lysosomes	a b c d e f g
5. mitochondrion	a b c d e f g
6. chloroplast	a b c d e f g
7. nucleolus

BSC 203 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Apoptosis, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Organelle

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