PHIL-P 140 Chapter 1: P140 Utilitarianism Ch. 1 Notes (Aug. 25)
Document Summary
P140 joh(cid:374) tuart mill"s utilitarianism chapter 1 notes- general remarks. Not much progress in concretely identifying right/wrong. 8-25-16: summum bonum- (cid:862)the highest good,(cid:863) di(cid:272)tati(cid:374)g (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h (cid:448)alues/priorities established in ethical systems1, very smart philosophers still argue heatedly about ethics. Socrates (according to plato) brought about ideas of utilitarianism despite popular sophism. Even more certain fields like math/science have uncertainties of concepts (disagreements of method) like more arbitrary topic of philosophy. English law, and of mysteries as theology. (cid:863)2: facts accepted as first principles are most recent results of ethical analysis; related to the science through (cid:862)tree (cid:271)ra(cid:374)(cid:272)h(cid:863)-like logical connections3, essentially, accepted truths work well enough. A(cid:374) a(cid:272)tio(cid:374)"s ethi(cid:272)s is (cid:374)ot (cid:373)atter of per(cid:272)eptio(cid:374); appli(cid:272)atio(cid:374) of ge(cid:374)eral truth to i(cid:374)di(cid:448)idual (cid:272)ase"s context. Rarely specify rules/principles to base intuitions on- assu(cid:373)e (cid:862)ordi(cid:374)ary(cid:863) ethical ideas to be of a priori authority: moral instincts (cid:894)(cid:862)inductive(cid:863)(cid:895) based on perception/observation5, either way, morality determined factually from principles.
