CHM1025 Chapter Notes - Chapter Chapter 12: Elementary Charge, Exothermic Process, Ionic Compound

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Properties of liquids: high density compares to gases, has definite volume but is not easily compressed. Indefinite in shape but assume the shape of their container. Examples of liquids: water, acetone (nail polish remover, rubbing alcohol. Properties of solid: high density in comparisons to gases, defi(cid:374)ite shape (cid:271)ut do(cid:374)"t assu(cid:373)e the shape of their (cid:272)o(cid:374)tai(cid:374)er, definite volume but are not easily compressed, could be crystalline or amorphous. Surface tension: the tendency for liquids to minimize their surface area, direct result of intermolecular forces. Viscosity: the resistance of liquids to flow. Evaporation or vaporization: an endothermic physical change, conversion of a liquid to gas. Condensation: an exothermic physical change, conversion of a gas to liquid. Melting: endothermic physical change, solid to liquid. Freezing: an exothermic physical change, liquid to solid. Molecular solid: molecules are the composite units of molecular solids, which are held together by dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, r hydrogen bonding.

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WORD BANK:

Atomic solids

Body-centered cubic

Boiling point

Condensation

Covalent atomic solids

Crystal lattice

Crystalline solids

Distillate

Distillation

Dynamic equilibrium

Evaporation

Face-centered cubic

Freezing

Freezing point

Ionic solids

Intramolecular

Interionic forces

Intermolecular forces

Liquid State

Macromolecule

Melting

Melting point

Metallic atomic solids

Molar heat of fusion

Molar heat of vaporization

Molecular solids

Non-bonding atomic solids

Non-crystalline (amorphous) solids

Properties of Liquids

Properties of Solids

Simple cubic

Solid State

Sublimation

Surface tension

Surfactants

Vapor pressure

Vaporization

Viscosity

Wetting action

Use the Vocabulary words above to complete the following sentences words can be used more than once, some words are not be used.

d. The molecules of a ________ are in constant motion. e. The __________ of a liquid is related to the shape of the molecules that make up the liquid. f. The force of attraction that causes the surface of a liquid to contract and form a âbeadâ or spherical drop is called? _________ _______ g. Chemical that reduce surface tension are called? __________ h. A liquids ability to spread out evenly over a surface as a thin film is called itâs? _________ _______ i. ____________ is the process by which molecules of a liquid break away and go into the gas phase. j. When the molecules of a volatile liquid jump to gas phase it is called _________. k. The reverse of evaporation (the conversion of a vapor to a liquid) is called? _________ l. When the rate at which the water is evaporating is equal to the rate at which the water vapor is condensing, you have established a __________ _________. m. ________ _______ is the partial pressure of a gas in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid. n. ________ _______ is when the vapor pressure equals the atmospheric pressure. o. Boiling point can be used to purify a solution of two or more substances by ________. p. The condensed vapor sample is called the? ________ q. The exact quantity of heat required to vaporize 1 mole of a liquid at constant pressure and temperature is called the ________ ________ ___ __________. r. In ________________ __________ the particles do not have a definite or regular order (there is no repeating pattern throughout the solid). s. In ____________ __________, the particles are arranged in regular, systematic patterns called a ________ _________. t. The three different types of crystal lattices based on the cube are? ________ ______, _____________ ______, and ___________, ________. u. The three types of atomic solids include _________ _____, ___________ ______, and __________ ________.

CHM1025 Chapter Notes - Chapter Chapter 12: Elementary Charge, Exothermic Process, Ionic Compound

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