PSYCH 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7.2: Richard Shiffrin, George Sperling, Echoic Memory

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7. 2 how are memories maintained over time: psychologists richard atkinson and richard shiffrin proposed a three-part model of memory consisting of sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Enables us to experience the world as a continuous stream rather than in discrete sensations: our sensory systems transduce, or change, information into neural impulses. Persists for about a third of a second; after that, the trace of the sensory memory fades until it is no longer accessible. Enables us to perceive scenery as a smooth passage in front of us rather than in jerky bits when we turn our heads: echoic memory: auditory sensory memory. Psychologist george miller suggested that the memory span, the limit to the amount of information the working memory can hold, is around 7 items, plus or minus 2, though recent research suggests it may be closer to 4. Chunking: organization of information into meaningful units to make it easier to remember.

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