BIOL 1107 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Chemical Formula, Carbohydrate, Structural Formula
4 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Earth is not a typical sample of the universe. After water is removed, only carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen constituted. 94% of the total dry mass on earth. Organic molecules: carbon containing molecules that play an important role in living organisms. Carbon has ability to combine with many other elements to form a wide variety of molecules, each specialized for the functions it carries out in the cell. A carbon atom behaves as if it had four unpaired electrons. It forms a tetrahedron three-dimensional structure, ch4 (methane). Creates four orbitals, each having 1 carbon electron. This bonds can move freely along their axis. Carbon atoms can link with each other via covalent bonds to form long chains. Simpli ed structure joes the angles where two lines join, but leaves out the carbons and hydrogens. Two adjacent carbon atoms can form double bonds. These bonds are shorter and not free to rotate, so they lie on 1 plane.
