PSYC 1101 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Block Design, David Wechsler, Social Intelligence
6 Jun 2018
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Notes on Intelligence
What is Intelligence?
● Intelligence = qualities valuable to one’s own time and culture
● Intelligence → the mental potential to learn from experience, solve problems, and use
knowledge to adapt to new situations
Spearman’s General Intelligence Factor and Thurstone’s Response
● General intelligence → a general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and
others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an
intelligence test
● People who excel in one area often are above average in other areas even if they do not
excel
● Factor analysis - identifies clusters of related items
● Thurstone opposed Spearman and identified different areas of intelligence
● General intelligence helps solve unfamiliar problems
Theories of Multiple Intelligences
Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences
● Eight relatively independent intelligences
● (naturalist, interpersonal, intrapersonal, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, musical, logical-
mathematical, linguistic)
● Savant syndrome → a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has
an exceptional specific skill, such as computation or drawing
● Many also have autism spectrum disorder
Sternberg’s Three Intelligences
● Triarchic theory
● Analytical (academic problem-solving) intelligence
○ Intelligence tests
○ Predict school grades and vocational success to some extent
● Creative intelligence
○ Ability to generate novel ideas
● Practical intelligence
○ Everyday tasks
○ ‘Street smarts’
● Multiple abilities can contribute to success
Criticisms of Multiple Intelligence Theories
● G predicts performance in various tasks
● Success is both talent and grit
● Takes about ten years to master any skill
Emotional Intelligence
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Intelligence = qualities valuable to one"s own time and culture. Intelligence the mental potential to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations. General intelligence a general intelligence factor that, according to spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test. People who excel in one area often are above average in other areas even if they do not excel. Factor analysis - identifies clusters of related items. Thurstone opposed spearman and identified different areas of intelligence. (naturalist, interpersonal, intrapersonal, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, musical, logical- mathematical, linguistic) Savant syndrome a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as computation or drawing. Predict school grades and vocational success to some extent. Takes about ten years to master any skill. Emotional intelligence the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions. Recognizing emotions in faces, music, and stories.
